DS hierarchy

Hello mates!
The DS3 signal is formed from DS2s which in turn is formed from DS1 signal.

The DS2 formation
DS2 is formed by multiplexing four DS1 signals. The bandwidth of DS1 is 1.544 Mbits/second. Since DS2 had four DS1s in it, its rate is nearly four times the rate of DS1. The rate is 6.312 Mbps. The extra bandwidth is for overheads as well as result of bit interleaving when muxing is done.

In short, DS2 will have four DS1s multiplexed in them along with the overheads. We will see the process of bit interleaving later.

The DS3 formation
Similar to DS2, DS3 is formed from seven DS2 signals. Thus, it will have seven time the bandwidth of DS2. It has the bandwidth of 44.736 Mbits/second. The extra bandwidth is occupied by overheads and bits formed through interleaving.

Thus, DS3 signal will have seven DS2 in it or in other words it will have 28 DS1 signals in it. Thus the total number of voice channels in DS3 is 24x28= 672 vice channels.

Similarly, DS4 and DS5 signals are also available. Since they are not used in most of the cases I will stop with the rate of those signals.

DS-1-----1.544Mbps--------24 channels
DS-2-----6.312Mbps--------96 channels
DS-3-----44.736Mbps------672 channels
DS-4-----274.176Mbps----4032 channels
DS-5-----400.352Mbps----5860 channels

We will see the concepts of bit interleaving in forthcoming days.

I am happy to listen to the suggestions, doubts and ideas.